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“The foundation of irreligious criticism is: Man makes religion, religion does not make man. Religion is, indeed, the self-consciousness and self-esteem of man who has either not yet won through to himself, or has already lost himself again. But man is no abstract being squatting outside the world. Man is the world of man – state, society. This state and this society produce religion, which is an inverted consciousness of the world, because they are an inverted world. Religious suffering is, at one and the same time, the expression of real suffering and a protest against real suffering.
Religion is the sigh of the oppressed creature, the heart of a heartless world, and the soul of soulless conditions. It is the opium of the people. The abolition of religion as the illusory happiness of the people is the demand for their real happiness. To call on them to give up their illusions about their condition is to call on them to give up a condition that requires illusions. Download internet explorer 8 for xp. The criticism of religion is, therefore, in embryo, the criticism of that vale of tears of which religion is the halo. Criticism has plucked the imaginary flowers on the chain not in order that man shall continue to bear that chain without fantasy or consolation, but so that he shall throw off the chain and pluck the living flower.
The criticism of religion disillusions man, so that he will think, act, and fashion his reality like a man who has discarded his illusions and regained his senses, so that he will move around himself as his own true Sun. Religion is only the illusory Sun which revolves around man as long as he does not revolve around himself.” ―. “A specter is haunting Europe—the specter of Communism. All the powers of old Europe have entered into a holy alliance to exorcise this specter; Pope and Czar, Metternich and Guizot, French radicals and German police spies.
Where is the party in opposition that has not been decried as Communistic by its opponents in power? Where the opposition that has not hurled back the branding reproach of Communism, against the more advanced opposition parties, as well as against its reactionary adversaries? Two things result from this fact. Communism is already acknowledged by all European powers to be in itself a power. It is high time that Communists should openly, in the face of the whole world, publish their views, their aims, their tendencies, and meet this nursery tale of the Specter of Communism with a Manifesto of the party itself.” ―. “The bourgeoisie, wherever it has got the upper hand, has put an end to all feudal, patriarchal, idyllic relations. It has pitilessly torn asunder the motley feudal ties that bound man to his 'natural superiors,' and has left remaining no other nexus between man and man than naked self-interest, callous 'cash payment.'
It has drowned the most heavenly ecstasies of religious fervor, of chivalrous enthusiasm, of philistine sentimentalism, in the icy water of egotistical calculation. It has resolved personal worth into exchange value, and in place of the numberless indefeasible chartered freedoms, has set up that single, unconscionable freedom—Free Trade. In one word, for exploitation, veiled by religious and political illusions, it has substituted naked, shameless, direct, brutal exploitation. The bourgeoisie has stripped of its halo every occupation hitherto honored and looked up to with reverent awe. It has converted the physician, the lawyer, the priest, the poet, the man of science, into its paid wage laborers. The bourgeoisie has torn away from the family its sentimental veil, and has reduced the family relation to a mere money relation.” ―. “Men make their own history, but they do not make it as they please; they do not make it under self-selected circumstances, but under circumstances existing already, given and transmitted from the past.
The tradition of all dead generations weighs like a nightmare on the brains of the living. And just as they seem to be occupied with revolutionizing themselves and things, creating something that did not exist before, precisely in such epochs of revolutionary crisis they anxiously conjure up the spirits of the past to their service, borrowing from them names, battle slogans, and costumes in order to present this new scene in world history in time-honored disguise and borrowed language.” ―. “.Great progress was evident in the last Congress of the American 'Labour Union' in that among other things, it treated working women with complete equality.
Karl Marx Ideas Pdf
While in this respect the English, and still more the gallant French, are burdened with a spirit of narrow-mindedness. Anybody who knows anything of history knows that great social changes are impossible without the feminine ferment. Social progress can be measured exactly by the social position of the fair sex (the ugly ones included).” ―. “The bourgeoisie cannot exist without constantly revolutionizing the instruments of production, and thereby the relations of production, and with them the whole relations of society. Conservation of the old modes of production in unaltered forms, was, on the contrary, the first condition of existence for all earlier industrial classes.
Constant revolutionizing of production, uninterrupted disturbance of all social conditions, everlasting uncertainty and agitation, distinguish the bourgeois epoch from all earlier ones. All fixed, fast-frozen relations, with their train of ancient and venerable prejudices and opinions, are swept away; all new-formed ones become antiquated before they can ossify. All that is solid melts into air, all that is holy is profaned, and man is at last compelled to face with sober senses his real conditions of life and his relations with his kind.” ―.
“The ideas of the ruling class are in every epoch the ruling ideas, i.e. The class which is the ruling material force of society, is at the same time its ruling intellectual force.
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The class which has the means of material production at its disposal, has control at the same time over the means of mental production, so that thereby, generally speaking, the ideas of those who lack the means of mental production are subject to it. The ruling ideas are nothing more than the ideal expression of the dominant material relationships, the dominant material relationships grasped as ideas.” ―. “The bourgeoisie, by the rapid improvement of all instruments of production, by the immensely facilitated means of communication, draws all, even the most barbarian, nations into civilization. The cheap prices of its commodities are the heavy artillery with which it batters down all Chinese walls, with which it forces the barbarians' intensely obstinate hatred of foreigners to capitulate. It compels all nations, on pain of extinction, to adopt the bourgeois mode of production; it compels them to introduce what it calls civilization into their midst, i.e., to become bourgeois themselves. In one word, it creates a world after its own image.” ―.
SIMPLIFYING MARX IN TELUGU From Ashok Das HYDERABAD: The innate difficulties of understanding Karl Marx's Das Kapital have spawned a number of guide books and expositions in Indian languages. But few of these books could claim to have generated such extreme sentiments as Ranganayakamma's recently published 4 volume Telugu work titled 'Marx Capital Parichayam'. While literary circles consider the work as the simplest exposition of Capital and would bring more people closer to understanding Marx, the left parties such as CPI, CPM and various Naxalite groups have chosen to ignore her work.
However, the book has a number of genuine admirers in these parties. The prevailing sentiment among the left intellectuals was aptly described by late K.P. Satyanarayana, the Marxist historian. 'We are living in the dark age of communist movement. It is evident from the way Ranganyakamma's book was ignored,' he had announced in a public meeting soon after the first part of the five-volume book was released to a total media blockout in 1978. A section in both Communist parties feel that the need of the book was never more pronounced as at present.
The Communist movement in the State is in crossroads. Not only the inner conflict among various groups and sub-groups have subverted the cause, the mass mobilization at grassroot level has virtually come to a standstill. Similarly a new generation is coming up, who believed in soft options. There is, of course, another Telugu translation of Kapital but that is only an abridged edition.
What makes Ranganayakamma's book distinctly separate is its sheer readability. She says her book is aimed at an average literate person. To achieve this feat, she has taken 13 years to read and interpret Marx. She has not only given elaborate footnotes but also many simple indigenous examples to illustrate the points made by Marx. TRAIL BLAZER: The non-acceptance of Ranganayakamma by the Communist parties as well as the establishment writers is apparently because she is an iconoclast. Both as a person and a writer, she is shockingly unconventional.
Born into a typical middleclass conservative family and married to a stranger at the age of 20, she annuled her marriage after twelve years and three children and came to stay at Hyderabad with Mr. Gandhi, a professor friend, nine years her junior, without any legal or formal marriage. During her early years, she courted a Naxalite group. In a predominantly Hindu society, where Ramayana is worshipped in every household, she wrote a treatise 'Ramayana Vishavruksham' (Ramayana, the poisonous tree) showing Lord Rama as a hypocritic. Similarly in the cut-throat publishing, she is her own publisher. But Ranganayakamma's is, no doubt, a career of superb achievements.
Karl Marx Capital Pdf
She is one of the front ranking Telugu novelists with 12 novels and 8 short stories collections. Her three part novel 'Janaki Vimukti', dealing with women emancipation, is a watershed in Telugu literature. Similarly for a woman with little formal education (she is a matriculate), she acquired considerable scholarship so as to correct some of the distortions in the interpretation of Marxian theories made by international scholars. Charles Bettelheim, the Paris-based director of the Centre for Study of Modes of Industrialization in a letter to Ranganayakamma acknowledged that her interpretation of 'On Authority' by Engels was correct, where he erred.
Ranganayakamma (47), who was influenced by the revolutionary writer Chalam, began studying Marx seriously from 1973. Initially, it was immensely difficult. The progress was very slow. She could cover only a few lines a day. Things became easy as she started taking elaborate note. The interface with Marxism, which made her aware of the social basis of male domination of women, coincided with her own assertion of freedom. Five years later, she published 'Sarukulu Dabbulu' sold well, creating a phenomenon itself.
Whereas, normally, the first print order of such books take years to be sold, 2000 copies were sold out in a year. People from far and near wrote her letters of appreciation.
There were demands for more copies. But she decided against a second print till she had completed all the volumes.
She felt that the continuity would be lost unless all the volumes were released simultaneously. Prior to publishing the book, Ranganayakamma had approached her favourite Naxalite group with the script. But they rejected her offer and instead pointed in future to do the translation. That was the end of her association with the group and she went ahead with the publication. Although Das Kapital is three volumes, she had decided to issue it in five volumes. The last volume is in the printing stage and would be released in March 1987.
(The Hindusthan Times, dt. 15-2-1987) HiHHHHHH ON YOUR MARX, GET SET, READ - From Ashok Das - Vijayawada, May 27: For the never-say-die Marxists, there is good news. For the first time since the collapse of Soviet Union and the decline of Communist movement worldwide, there is a perceptible increase in the study of Karl Marx's writings in parts of Andhra Pradesh. Not only party cadres are eager to learn 'for ourselves' what really Marx said to find out their moorings in the context of the failure of the Communist movement, Marxist study circles have sprung at Vijayawada, Guntur, Tenali, Kothagudem, Ongole and several parts of coastal Andhra and Telangana. And most important of all, publishers of Left literature, struggling to keep the wolf from their doors for years are suddenly finding some buyers at their doorsteps. Telugu translation of sets of Marx's work have suddenly started selling once again, while there are hardly any buyers for works of other Communist leaders including Lenin or Mao. Noted feminist writer Mrs.
LC Control No.: LCCN Permalink: Type of Material: Book (Print, Microform, Electronic, etc.) Personal Name: Main Title: Satyaṃ musugulō sarvaṃ abaddhaṃ: mataṃ bānisatvaṃlō pillalu / Nariseṭṭi Innayya. Published/Created: Hyderabad: Śāstrīya Pariśīlanākēndraṃ (Iṇḍiyā): Description: 106 p.; 23 cm. CALL NUMBER: Life of M.N.Roy,2001(Serialised in vaartha telugu Daily) Serialised in Vaartha Telugu Daily with few cartoons. Lucid narration of the adventurous life events of great fighter of ideas in international arena.illustrated with photos starting from early days till death.different phases explained in the context.
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